The discourse pins hope on the african renaissance theory of development. Dependency theory dependency theory has been presented as a theory of development that improves modernisation theory reyes, 2001a. Modernization theory oxford research encyclopedia of. Collectively, these theories contrast modernization. Modernization and dependency theory tutorial sophia learning. Dependency theory and its close relative, world system theory, emphasized the role of external relationships in the developmental process. The basic assumption of this phase was that people could change. At a finer level are the microcosmic evaluations of modernization that focus on the componential elements of social modernization such as urbanization, gender and income inequality, skills acquisition and education, the role of. Modernisation and dependency repub, erasmus university. The political economy of africa and dependency theory.
Poor nations provide natural resources, cheap labor, a place for obsolete technology, and markets for developed nations. A critical analysis in the changing world situation after the post 1945 era, the development of modernization theory in order to modernise the rest of the world in line with american development is interestingly significant in the history of development studies. Modernization of hospitals modernization and technological advancement. Dependency theory a theory that explains global inequalities with respect to historical oppression. Modernization and dependency theory essay writing blog.
Modernization theory both attempts to identify the social variables that contribute to social progress and development of societies and seeks to explain the process of social evolution. Poor states are impoverished and rich ones enriched due to the power distribution in the international system. The main weakness of dependency theory lies in explaining the origin of underdevelopment. Not surprisingly, this theorys views sharply challenge modernization theorys assumptions packenham, 1992. So tries to sum up three dominant schools of thoughts by providing different theoretical and empirical evidentbased. Compare and contrast modernization and dependency theories of development. Modernization theory studies the process of social evolution and the development of. In this regard, it is possible to distinguish the modernization and dependency theories. Modernization theory represents the mixture of sociology theories within societies. Foucaults critique of the repressive hypothesis against the psychoanalytic notion of a polymorphous sexuality beforethe law of heterosexual civilization.
Dependency theory is the notion that resources flow from a periphery of poor and. Modernization and dependency theories flashcards quizlet. In the study of latin america, the dependency theory and the modernization theory are one of the most significant theories that helps us analyze and understanding the traditional stages of latin america. Modernization versus dependency in the context of colonial. Modernisation and dependency theories represent two rather different points in the. The basic assumption of this theory, in any of its versions, is that there is one gen. When it comes to a solution to the problem, it is right to say that the contexts of countries are different and the solutions for their economic and. From the 18th century, it englight the individual ideas of modernism the civilians living in the society. Worldwide, 126 million children work in hazardous conditions. The endogenous explanation is a modernization theory.
Using a simple predictive model based on our revised version of modernization theory, we. Modernization theory and dependency theory in ethiopia. The marxist theory of imperialism explains dominant state expansion while the dependency theory explains underdevelopment. Pdf compare and contrast modernization and dependency. At a finer level are the microcosmic evaluations of modernization that focus on the componential elements of social modernization such as urbanization, gender and income inequality, skills acquisition and education, the role of political communication. Modernization, modernization theory a term and approach that came into widespread use in the early 1960s, as a consequence of the efforts by a group of development specialists in the united states to develop an alternative to the. The discourse assesses the influence of modernization and dependency theories on africas development. Difference between modernization theory and dependency. The development of countries is vulnerable to the impact of multiple factors. There are two levels of analysis in classical modernization theory. This term is used to indicate countries that are less. Conversations on dependency theory institute for new economic. Dependency theory developed in the late 1950s under the guidance of the director of the united nations economic commission for latin america, raul prebisch. What is the difference between modernization theory and.
It mainly reflects the traditional views of society and highlight the internal factors of a country and development bernstein, 1971. Modernization theory explains the progress and development of technology in more stable regions of the world. Essay modernization theory and the dependency theory. Difference between modernization theory and dependency theory. In the words of one of the major proponents, historically, modernization is the process of change towards those types of social, economic, and political systems that have developed in. A common term used in the news and social media today is the developing world. Seeing the state of development or underdevelopment in latin america 1 and africa 2, i argue that dependency is created by a dominant country on these so called underdeveloped countries by creating a market. Its analysis is based on how countries and societies develop from primitive to modern passing through certain stages, turning its attention towards. Modernization theory is used to explain the process of modernization within societies. An outline and critique of competing theories by dieter nohlen, heidelberg.
From the keynes economic approach, the theory of dependency embodies four main. The notion of a universal patriarchyhas been widely. Contributions to classical modernization theory can usefully be studied as belonging to two levels of analysis. Aug 16, 2016 modernization theory is used to explain the process of modernization within societies.
Modernisation and dependency are two theories that have their own terms for analysinginterpreting the causes of poverty and underdevelopment, and both provide different solutions in. Aug 23, 2008 the most important differences between the modernization theory and the dependency theory, we must first understand what these theories mean. School most associated with modernization theory, looked at the cultural factors leading to underdevelopment. Modernization theory is subject to criticism originating among socialist and free market ideologies, worldsystems theorists, globalization theorists and dependency theorists among others. In other words, the relation between underdevelopment and dependency is explained in a circular manner. Study for free with our range of university lectures. Jul 08, 2017 modernization, modernization theory a term and approach that came into widespread use in the early 1960s, as a consequence of the efforts by a group of development specialists in the united states to develop an alternative to the marxist account of social development. With the modernization and dependency theory, this allows.
However, it is necessary to underline that modernization theory views such cooperation and integration as a conscious and voluntary act from the part of developing countries, for which modernization in the western style is the only way to overcome the existing backwardness, while supporters of dependency theory argue that such cooperation and integration is imposed to developing countries by more advanced western countries, which simply attempt to benefit from their cooperation with. The theory arose as a reaction to modernization theory, an earlier theory of. The proponents of modernization theory claimed that. Modernization consists of a gradual differentiation and specialization of social structures. Latin american radical political economy in retrospect pdf.
Modernization theory and early dependency theory modernization and dependency theories are some of the theories developed in an attempt to explain the relationship between countries and the inequalities between underdeveloped and developed countries. The conclusion is that both theories have failed to help develop africa. Dependency theory highlights that due to colonial and postcolonial endeavors the countries at the periphery are constantly exploited by those at the core. Difference between modernisation theory and dependency theory. However, it is necessary to underline that modernization theory views such cooperation and integration as a conscious and voluntary act from the part of developing countries, for which modernization in the western style is the only way to overcome the existing backwardness, while supporters of dependency theory argue that such cooperation and. The focus of this theory is the totality of society and social system periphery, which highlights the. Modernization theory is a description and explanation of the processes of transformation from traditional or underdeveloped societies to modern societies. Modernization theory refers to a variety of nonmarxist perspectives which have been put forward to explain the development or underdevelopment of countries. Modernization refers to a model of a progressive transition from a premodern or traditional to a modern. Modernisation and dependency are two theories that have their own terms for analysinginterpreting the causes of poverty and underdevelopment, and both provide different solutions in order to fix the problems. Modernization theory modernization is the term used for the transition from the traditional society of the past to modern society as it is found today in the west. Stated another way, marxist theories explain the reasons why imperialism occurs, while dependency theories explain the consequences of imperialism. I dont know when this theory was founded, but from my internet research ive got to know that it was the age of enlightenment when the fundamentals of this concept raised by a few philosophers who started to think about how their society transformed, and how they changed and progressed. It combines elements from a neomarxist theory and adopts a revolution of under developed nations model.
Dependency theory is a kind of developmental theory, which is a major critique of modernisation theory. At the same time, the development of different countries has multiple theoretical explanations. The proponents of modernization theory claimed that underdeveloped countries were. Modernization and dependency theory nowadays the rapid development of the word and the growing integration of countries can hardly fail to affect the development of new theories which attempt to explain the relationship between countries and the existing inequality between developed countries and countries of the thir. Modernization theory and dependency theory are two development theories between which some difference can be identified. Modernization and dependency theory pl 260 theories. Comparison of dependency theory with modernization theory. The difference between modernization theory and dependency theory is that one explains how developed states operate and grow, while the other explains the exact opposite. Pdf on oct 15, 2017, scott nicholas romaniuk and others published.
Modernization, dependency, rural underdevelopment, african renaissance. Pl 260 theories of development second semester 20072008 modernization and dependency theories 1. Social change and development modernization, dependency. Aug 31, 2015 modernization theory and dependency theory are two development theories between which some difference can be identified. Modernization theory vs dependency theory while many theorists have numerous explanations towards underdevelopment, experts like david brooks and peter hallward have described the natural disaster in haiti to be brutally destructive primarily due to its poverty.
Dependency theory is in large part a theory of development in the third world, it seek to provide explanations for third world development and explanations that the modernisation theory failed to give. Like any other theory, the dependency theory has its advantages and limitations. Modernization theory is subject to criticism originating among socialist and free market ideologies, worldsystems theorists, globalization theorists and dependency theorists among. Modernization and dependency theory 1563 words bartleby. Modernization theory an overview sciencedirect topics. A critique of modernization and dependency theories in. This term is used to indicate countries that are less economically developed than the united. The dependency theory claims that this is how underdevelopment was created and is.
The dependency theory is an important tool for understanding latin americas relative underdevelopment. Similarities between modernization theory and dependency theory 3. Modernization theory emphasized internal factors while making an exception of science. Management nabh standards for hospitals pdf nabh guidelines for hospitals pdf difference between modernization theory. The structural explanation for global stratification is called dependency theory. Works cited introduction nowadays the rapid development of the word and the growing integration of countries can. Developmentalism, modernity, and dependency theory in latin. Modernization theory an explanation for global stratification that asserts that technological and cultural differences between nations serves as the basis of global stratification. Modernization theory vs dependency theory 1227 words 5 pages.
Modernization and dependency theory one in six children, ages five to fourteen, are involved in child labor in developing countries, thats sixteen percent. Includes bibliographical references pages 5145 and index rereading modernization and dependency theory tradition and gender in modernization theory from modernization theory to the soft state in africa gender and the world bank. This paper will discuss the modernization and dependency theories and how they have been modified in the course of time. Modernization theory and dependency theory table of contents 1. Modernization theory claimed that once developing societies came into contact with western european and north american societies, they would be impelled toward modernization and, eventually, would achieve the economic, political, and social features characteristic of the nations of western europe and the united states. Development theory dependency and world systems theories. The protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism argued by max weber german socialist. Thus, in contrast to modernization theory, which emphasized the benefits of free trade, foreign investment, and foreign aid, these theorists argued that free trade. Free resources to assist you with your university studies. At the beginning of the book, butler has some trenchant comments on the tendency of feminist theory to seek a universal basis for feminism.
When it comes to a solution to the problem, it is right to say that the contexts of countries are different and the solutions for their economic and development problems should be different. Dependency theory grew influential in latin america in the 1960s and 1970s, largely in reaction to modernisation theory and free trade policies, which originated in the west. Modernization and dependency theory flashcards quizlet. Relationships with developed countries and particularly with multinational corporations were viewed as. The basic assumption of this theory, in any of its versions, is that there is one general end page 157 process of which democratization is but the final stage. Comparison and contrast between modernisation theory and dependency theory. For this purpose, this paper examines the definitions of dependency, general perspectives, classifications, and the criticism of dependency theory.
972 195 750 60 277 1511 575 1068 1530 269 104 1413 893 666 438 154 785 575 1186 1562 674 414 603 1436 198 414 1446 1059 246